Electromechanical device.



G. H. ROWE. IILEGTROMBGHANIGAL DEVICE.

APPLIOATION FILED APB. 26,1911.

Patnted Apn-23, 1912.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

G. H. ROWE. ELBGTROMEOHANIGAL nsvms; APPLIUATIOH FILED APR- 26,1911.

1,024,927. I Patented Apr. 23, 1912.

2 BHEETSBHBET 2.

unrr stains en rance or sites.

GEORGE H. ROWE, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, .ASSIGNOR TO ELECTED-MAGNETIC COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

moon

ELECTROMECHANICAL DEVICE.

Specification 01 Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 23, 11912.

and one of the primary objects of the invention isto provide a construction and arrangement of said driven elements and driving means whereby a vacuum is created, during the operation of the device, vhich supplements and reinforces the magnetic attraction.

A. further object is to establish such a relation between the driving and driven elements that during a portion of the travel of said elements, say on the forward or working stroke, a pressure of air is created back of the driven element which reinforces the action of the magnet, while during another portion of the travel of said elements, on the back stroke for instance, this pressure is changed to a vacuum or partial vacuum which assists the magnet in moving the driven element back to its normal position with respect to the driving element.

The improvements which constitute my present invention are suitable for use par ticularly in connection with hammers or other percussion apparatus more especially in the construction of large heavy hammers, in which case my invention makes possible a very considerable economy in the amount of current used. It is, in fact, one of the objects of my present invention to provide an l clectro mechanically operated hamn'zer that will be able to cfiiciently and economi cally perform the sort of heavy Work rdinarily done by steam hammers. The im- 'provements concerned are, however, ap-

plicable to other types of electro-mecl'ianical devices.

The invention has for further objects such other novel and improved constructions, arrangements and devices in electro-mechani (not shown) cal devices and in power hammers as will be hereinafter described and claimed.

The inventi n is iilustrated, in a preferred embodiment, in the accompanying drawings, whercin- Figure 1 is a front elevation of paratus with parts shown in gcrtical section, Fig. 2, a side elevation; Fig. 3, a vertical section, on an enlarged scale, taken on line 3- 3 of Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrows, and Fig. 4, a sectional the applan on line 4 1 of Fig. 3.

Like characters of reference indicate like parts in the several figures of the drawings.

Referring to the drawings, designates a cast iron framework terminating at the upper end in flange 11 which supports a magnet casing consisting of the cylindrical shell 12 and the pole pieces 13, 13 secured to the shell by the screws 14;. Within the magnet casing is an electrounagnet l5 wound on a spool 16.

17 designates a sleeve formed with the central openings 18 which partially insulate, magnetically, the ends of the sleeve. Preferably brass rings 19 are interposed between the pole pieces and the sleeve 17. Fitted in the sleeve is a plunger 20 having a dependi'ngsteni 21 to which is attached, by a dowel 22, the hammer 23 prefrably formed on its under side with a dovetailed slot adapted to receive the dove-tailed rib or flange 24.- of the die 25. on the hammer works against a die 26 fitted in a dovetailed slot in the anvil 27.

Mounted in suitable bearings 28 on opposite sides of the frame 10 is a shaft 29 to which are keyed the wheels 30. The upper end of the sleeve 12' which is in effect a cylinder for the plunger 20, is threaded to receive the cap piece 31 which closes the end of the sleeve. A portion of the cap piece 31 is in the form of a fork 32 adapted to receive the cross beam 33 bolted thereto bymeans of the bolt 3. Pivoted to the ends of thecross beam 33 are connecting rods 3:") ecccntrically connected with wheels 30. The wheels may be driven in any suitable manner as, for example, by a belt or belts The apps-rend of the sleeve 17 is formed with one or more, preferably 4, air ports 36 The die 25 v which register with air ports 37 in the cap piece 31. The ports 37 communicate with a discharge port controlled by a check valve 39 which permits the outflow of air from port 38 but prevents, or at. least checks, inflow.

The operation of the hammer shown and described is as follows: It will be understood that the winding of magnet 15 is adapted to be connected with some source of supply of electric current. These connections are not shown. \Vith the magnet energized the sleeve 17 and plunger 20 will bemagnetized and the latter sustained in raised position.

By the rotation of shaft 29 and the crank wheels 30 reciprocating movements are nnparted to the sleeve 17 and these movements result in corresponding movements of the plunger 20 and the hammer 23 attached thereto. By closing up the end of the sleeve 17 while providing air ports which communicate with the interior of the sleeve at some distance from the end thereof, and controlling such air ports by a check valve which allows the escape of air but prevents intlow to the space between the closed end of the sleeve and the plunger I am enabled to supplement and reinforce the force of attraction of the magnet on both the up stroke and down stroke. on the up stroke by the production of a vacuum in the space between the upper end 01 the sleeve and'the plunger, on the down stroke by the accumulation of air pressure back of the plunger attcr it has passed the air ports. ln fact with the apparatus designed as shown there will be some pressure oi air developed before the plunger closes the air ports provided the hammer is run at a sutlicicntly high rate ot speed, due to the l'act that the air space within the sleeve has a much graitcr cross sectional area than th aggregate cross sectional areas of the air ports. This air pressure is developed because of the lag of the plunger. In the same way the sleeve on the back stroke runs ahead of the plunger and, since the check valve prevents the inflow of air into the space above the plunger, the air pressure or partial vacuum is' devel oped above the plunger which assists the magnet in tilting the plunger and its load. it will be quite possible. by proper design of the air ports and check valve, to eliminate the dcvclopnu-nt of air pressure on the down stroke and employ the devices and constructions shown simply for the purpose of producing a vacuum above the plungcron the up stroke. My invention contemplates employing either the vacuum alone or the vacunm in combination with the air pressure.

llhilo l havc described my invention in the prclcrrcd tinlunliniont. it will be readily 'nndcrstood that llltulillltttimlfs.llllgllt be de viscd which would come within the scope of the invention. 'therctoro l do not limit mya reduction of l self to the particular forms, constructions and arrangements shown and described ekcept so far asthe same are made specifically limitations on certain of the claims herein.

Preferably a rheostat sit) or other equivalent device is employed for varying the amount of current supplied to the magnet 15 and thereby varying the strength of the magnet. strength of the magnetmakes it possible to vary the operation of the apparatus. For example, by varying the current it is pos sible to change the length of the stroke of the driven element the force with which the hammer is brought against the work, and. the points between which the reciprocations of the driven element take place. For 81;.- ample. it is desirable that the machine should be capable of such regulation that a light blow or a heavy blow may be struck-as may be desired. It is also desirable that there should be a regulation enabling the hammer to operate upon a thick or a thin piece of work without changing the position of the anvil.

.lt will be undci'stood that the relative po' sition ot the driven element with respect to the sleeve depends upon several diit erent conditions. all oi which are subject to variation, namely. the weight of the driven element the strength of the magnet the speed at condition in the upper end of the sleeve. lhisbeing thccasc. it will bemulcrstomlthat the particular position of the plunger with respect to the sleeve which is shown in the all conditions under which the apparatus may be operated.

I do not claim herein broadly means or producing a compression of the air in the upper end of the sleeve on the out stroke as this invention, in a generic sense. is claimed in my co-pending application Serial l lo. ."itildtln, filed May 18. 1910; this feature of the invention being herein claimed only in connection with other features specific to the present application. I claim:

1. In a device of the character described, the combination with a driving element, of a driven element, and a ma gnet tor maintaining the latter element in tloating and elastic relation with the former: one of the elements comprising a cylinder closed atone end and the other element being fitted into said cylinder so that a relative movement between the same produces a partial vacuum which supplements the action of said magnet.

2. In a device of the charm-tor described, the combination with a driving element having reciprocating movement, of av driven elcment, and a magnet for maintaining the latter element in tloating and elastic relation This capacity for varying the which the apparatus is run, and the pressure drawings. will not be the true position for with the former; one of the elements com slidably arranged within said magnet, a

prising a cylinder closed at one end and the other element being fitted into said cylinder so that a relative movement between the same produces a partial vacuum which supplements the action of said magnet.

3. In a device of the character described, the combination with a reciprocating sleeve, of a plunger fitted in said sleeve, a magnet which maintains said plunger in floating elastic relation with said sieevc intermediate the ends thereof, and n'ieans adapted to close one end of the slee e so that a relative movement between the sleeve and plunger pronuces a partial vacuum which supplements the action of said magnet.

4. In a device of the character described,

the combination with a reciprocating sleeve, one end of which is closed, of a plunger fitter in said sleeve, a magnet which maintains said plunger in floating elastic relation with said sleeveintermediate the ends thereof, and a check valve on the sleeve which permits outflow of air from the space between the plunger and the closed end of the sleeve while checking inflow.

In a device of the character described, the combination with a reciprocating sleeve which is closed at one end, a plunger fitted in said sleeve, a magnet which maintains said plunger in floating astic relation with said sleeve intermediate the ends thereof, the closed end of said sleeve being formed with an air port which communicates with the interior of the sleeve at a distance from the end thereof, and a check valve control ling said air port which permits outflow while checking inflow.

6. In a device ofthe character described, the combination with a frame, of an electromagnet supportedon said frame, a sleeve slidablv arranc'cd within said magnet, 21 plunger in said sleeve, a driving shaft provided with cranks, a cross beam on the upper end of said sleeve, connecting rods between said cross beam and cranks, the upper end of said sleeve being closed, and being formed with air ports, and a check valve which permits on flow through sa d ports whilechcclting inflow.

7. ln a dcvice oi the character described, the combination with a frame, of an electrouuignct supportcd on said frame, a sleeve slidably arranged within said magnet, a plungcr in said sleeve, a driving shaft pro- \ided with cranks, a cross beam on the uppcr cnd of said slccvc, and connecting rods between said cross beam and cranks, the upper cud of said sleeve being losed and being formed with air ports which communi rate with the interior oi the sleeve at a distance from the cud thcrcol lo a device ol the character described, the combination with a frame, of an electromagpct s-ippv'irted on said frame, a sleeve v i l. l M l I plunger in said sleeve, 2. drivin shaft provided with cranks, a cross beam on the. upper end of said. sleeve, t meeting rods between said cross beam and cranks, the upper end of said sleeve being closed and be ing formed with air ports which communicate with the interior of the sleeve at a distance from the end thereof, and a check valve which permits ports while checking intlow.

, 9. In a device of the character described, the combination with a driving element, of a driven clement, means for maintaining the latter element in floating and elastic relation with the former, one of the elements comprising cylinder closed at one end and. the other element being fitted into said cylinder so that a relative movement between the same a'roduces a partial vacuum which supplements the elastic relation be tween said elements.

10. ln a device of the character filscribed, the combination with a reciprorating sleeve, of a plunger fitted in said sleeve, means formaintaining the-plunger in floating and elastic relation with the sleeve, and means adapted to close one end of the sleeve so that a relative movement between the sleeve and the plunger produces a parial vacuum which supplements the elastic relation between said elements.

11. la device of the cha'acter described, the combination with a reciprocating sleeve, ot a plunger titted in said sleeve, means for maintaining the plunger in floating and elastic relation with the sleeve, and a check valve on the end of the sleeve.

12. in a device of the character described, the combination with a reciprocating sleeve, ot a plunger fitted in said sleeve, means for maintaining the plunger in floating and elastic relation with the sleeve, and a check valve on the end of the sleeve which allows the escape of air from said sleeve while chccking intlow o air thereto.

in a device of he charm-tel dcscrihed, the combination with a rcciproc; ting sleeve, of a. plunger fitted in said sleeve, means for maintaining the plunger in l'loatinguml clas tic relation with the sleeve, and means adapted to close one end of the sleeve when the plunger moves a ay from said end, which, when the plunger moves toward said cud, allows the escape of air.

l t. in a device of the character described, the combination wilhu r ciprocating sleeve, of a plunger fitted in said sleeve, means for: maintaining the pluiigcr in floating andclaslic relation with the sleeve, and means adapted to close one end of the sleeve whcn the plunger moves away from said end, which, when the plunger moves toward said end lirsl. a the escape of air and thereafter prev-mus such escape.

outtlow through said 15. In a device of the character described, the combination with a driving element, of a driven element, a magnet for maintaining the latter element in floating and elastic relat-ion with the former; one of the elements comprising a cylinder closed at one end and the other element being fitted into said cylinder so that a relative movement between the same pi ecluces a partial vacuum which supplements the action of said magnet, and 10 means for varying the strength of said magnet.

l GEORGE H. ROWE.

Witnesses P. H. TRUMAN, L. A, FALKENBERG. 

